Critical Risks Assessment and Milestones Schedule Essay

Critical Risks Assessment and Milestones Schedule - Essay Example 1). In this regard, the critical risk assessment and milestones schedule for Dr. McDougall’s would encompass the following: (1) a SWOT analysis; (2) an identification of the contingency plans; and (3) a description of the preferred timing and objectives of your business plan. The strengths of the organization were identified in products they offer using all natural ingredients, are easy to prepare, and are consistent with the needs and requirements of health conscious people who are always on the go. The use of product ingredients and packaging that comply with standards imposed by environmental advocates increase the competitive advantage of the company over other producers in the industry. The weaknesses were identified in the need to offer diverse and new product variances that would cater to a wider market base. Further, the costs of all natural ingredients are relatively higher and more suppliers need to be solicited to ensure a steady supply at the least possible cost. There are vast opportunities facing Dr. McDougall’s ranging from producing other product variants to cater to diverse ethnic and cultural groups. Further, with the government’s thrust of focusing on organic products and the use of healthier ingredients, there is an expected increase in demand, both in the local and international markets. On the other hand, the threats come in terms of increasing competition and substitutes due to the lure of profits and high demand for healthy food products that are easy to prepare, buy and consume. The Porter’s Five Forces Analyses provide ample information on the organization’s threats and even bargaining powers of both suppliers and buyers that influence their current and future operations. To address the weaknesses and threats, Dr. McDougall’s should solicit alternative sources of natural ingredients to extend the scope

Hardware Components Essay Example for Free

Hardware Components Essay There are several types of hardware storage devices invented and designed to facilitate encoded and retrieved data storage in computers. Some of the examples of these storage devices include the ff. : the hard disk, floppy disk, RAM, CD ROM, and tape. Furthermore, these storage devices together with hardware component of clock speed play their distinct roles to determine the speed and speed rate of a computer (MSD, 2006). Body First, introduced in 1956 and developed during 1973, by the IBM company, the hard disk, or â€Å"hard disk drive† as mentioned, is one example of a stable and reliable secondary hardware storage device that efficiently facilitates speed. It functions as some kind of an optimal and purposeful storeroom which saves accumulated and encoded numeric and digital data, and it is also appropriate for running application programs on spinning magnet-plated platters that is performed by execution and command by the user. Hard disk drives were created for personal computer usage. It has features like audio playing, video gaming, video recording, etc (MSD, 2006). Second, the role of hard disks in determining the speed of a computer is very significant because with the use of hard disk, it can makes the access of files easier and faster as it runs or rotates. The bigger the platters or dishes used by the hard disk to run, the faster its speed and the smaller the platters, the lower the capacity of the computer to run, work, or access files faster. The number of disks in a specific computer may vary at a minimum number of 3 disks to a maximum number of 5 running disks revolving 60 per second. Most hard disk drives make use of removable cartridges while some do not. Most people create back up from the files they saved from the disk since the recent hard disk is created with such a sensitive feature. It can store data from 20 M up to 40 M (MSD, 2006). Third, a floppy disk coming in two sizes: 5 ? and 3 ? inches, is a detachable or unfixed storage device which is already obsolete. It is secondary as compared to the huge capacity of hard disk when it comes to data storage memory. The uses of floppy disks though, become popular for it is much cheaper than the cost of a hard disk. Moreover, it is more convenient to carry floppy disks wherever you go and save data for the use of backup purposes. Moreover, floppy disks make use of the delicate, magnetic and bendable disk which is film-like in color and enclosed in a protective plastic shield or case. The roles of floppy disks portray no role in determining the speed of a computer—speed is determined by the Central Processing unit and its memory rather. For practical reasons, hard disks are favored over floppy disks especially when the cost of the first (hard disks) becomes more inexpensive than the latter. Further, floppy disks are really essentially slower and more sensitive than hard disk that is why it is more prone to damage (MSD, 2006). Fourth, random access memory (RAM) is the primarily appropriate for storage of data that occurs in the computer’s memory and is stored directly at the computer’s Central Processing Unit (CPU). The two types of RAM are the SRAM and the DRAM. SRAM stands for Static RAM and the latter meaning, Dynamic RAM (DRAM). With the use of RAM, user can program the CPU to read, write, and locate data. The role of RAM is to carry out and execute calculations at high speed which is made possible by the said feature of RAM or computer memory that operates random to locate items or applications in the computer system (MC, 2008). Fifth, with the use of compact disks, the CD-ROM operates and exemplifies the use of read-only memory for sharing and sending applications like music files, games, and other multimedia files and desktop applications. The capacity of CD-ROM when it comes to data storage is up to 650 M. Recently, CD-ROMs tend to be much cheaper than other storage devices. CD-ROM is appropriate for expansion of one’s personalized computer system. In addition, CD-ROM does not play a role in determining the speed of a computer. In fact, user retrieves data slower than any other available data computer storage device in the market if the computer is not supported by CD-ROM’s â€Å"data transfer speed (MSD, 2006). † Sixth, tape is a thin strip of plastic, magnetic coated device used mainly for recording and it is known to be appropriate for secondary data storage or backup. Moreover, this tape is most appropriate for the purpose of calculations or â€Å"personal computing. † There is a no role that a tape plays in order to determine speed in a particular computer; further, data access is slower than expected together with its inconvenience for the required retrieval of data in orderly and chronological manner (MSD, 2006). Lastly, clock speed—as measured in megahertz (MHz), is the â€Å"speed of the internal clock of microprocessor. † Clock speed is appropriate for functioning in operation in the internal processing of a computer. The clock speed plays an important role in determining the speed of a computer and it affects the overall performance of the computer (MSD, 2006). Conclusion Several types of hardware storage devices are invented for data storage in computers: the hard disk, floppy disk, RAM, CD ROM, and tape. All mediums except for the floppy disks, CD-ROM, and tape play a role in determining the speed of a computer. These devices except for the other three are hardware components that determine the speed and performance of a computer.

The Process Control Management In Linux Information Technology Essay

The Process Control Management In Linux Information Technology Essay Linux began to develop in 1991 when a Finnish student, Linus Torvalds, wrote a tiny self-contained kernel for the 80396 processors. Linux source code was available free on the internet. Due to that Linux developed by many users from around the world. Linux is a free operating system and modern based on UNIX standards. A complete Linux system contains many components that were developed independently of Linux. The core of Linux operating system kernel is completely original, but it allows many existing free UNIX software to run, resulting in a complete UNIX compatible operating system free from proprietary code. Introduction A process is the basic context between all user activity and user-request within the operating system. Linux needs to use a process model familiar to other versions of UNIX to be compatible with them. Linux operates same as UNIX and differently few key places. Section 1: Operating Systems Process control management in Linux Processes and Threads Linux prepares a fork () system call with the customary functionality of replicating a process. Linux provide ability to create threads through the clone () system call. However, Linux cannot mark as different between processes and threads. Actually, Linux usually uses the term task when applying to a flow of control within a program. When clone () is requested, it is passed a group of flog that determine how much sharing is to take place between the parent and child duties. Thus, if clone () is approved the flags CLONE_FS, CL0NE_VM, CLONE_SIGHAND, and CLONE_FILES, the parent and child duties will share the same file-system information, the same memory space, the same signal handlers, and the same set of open files. Using clone () in this style same as creating a thread in other systems, since the parent duty shares most of resources with child duty. The lack of difference between processes and threads might be possible because Linux does not hold a entire process context within the main process data structure. It keeps the context within autonomous sub-contexts. The process data structure basically contains pointers to these other structures, so every number of processes able easily shares a sub-context through pointing to the same sub-context as suitable. The arguments to the clone () system command it which sub-contexts to copy, and which to share, when it makes a new process. The new process constantly is given a new personality and a new scheduling context; in accord with arguments passed, however, it may either make new process use the same sub-context data structures being used by the parent. The fork () system call si special case of clone () that duplicate all sub-context and nothing to share. Process Scheduling Scheduling is allocating CPU time to different tasks within an operating system. Commonly, being the running and interrupting of process are normal thinking about scheduling, but another aspect of scheduling is also important to Linux which is running of the various kernel tasks. Kernel tasks surround both tasks that are requested through a running process and tasks which execute internally on behalf of device driver. Linux has two separately different process-scheduling algorithms. First one is a time-sharing algorithm for fair, preemptive scheduling within multiple processes; the second one is designed for real-time task, where particular priorities are more important than fairness. The scheduling algorithm used for routine, time-sharing tasks received a major overhaul with version 2.5 of the kernel. Before version 2.5, the Linux kernel made a variation of the scheduling algorithm in traditional UNIX. Problems with the traditional UNIX are among other issues that it does not provide sufficient support for SMP systems and that it does not scale very well as the number of tasks on the system grows. The renovation of the scheduler kernel with version 2.5 now provides a scheduling algorithm that runs in constant time without consideration of the number of task on the system. The new process scheduler also provides reduced support for SMP, including processor affinity and load balancing, besides maintaining fairness and interactive tasks supporting. The Linux scheduler is a particular, priority-based algorithm with two priority ranges separately: a real-time range from 0 to 99 and a nice value ranging from 100 to 140. These two ranges map into universal priority scheme through numerically lower values indicate higher priorities. Linux assigns higher-priority tasks longer time quanta and vice-versa. Due to unique nature of the scheduler, this is suitable for Linux. A run able task is considered qualify for execution on the CPU while it has time remaining in its time slice. When a task has expended its time slice, it is considered expired and is not eligible for twice execution till all other tasks have also exhausted their time quanta. The kernel support s a list of all run-able tasks in a run-queue data structure. Due to its support for SMP, each processor maintains its own run-queue and schedules itself independently. Each run-queue includes two priority arrays which are active and expired. The active array contains all expired tasks and each of these priority arrays contains a list of tasks indexed according to priority. The scheduler selects the task with the highest priority from the active array for execution on the CPU. On some multiprocessor machines, this means that each processor on the single machine is scheduling the highest-priority task from its own run-queue structure. So when all tasks have expended their time slices which is th e active array is empty, the two priority arrays are replaced as the expired array becomes the active array and vice-versa. Tasks are allocated dynamic priorities that are based on the nice value minus or plus until value 5 based upon task interactivity. Whether a value is subtracted or added from a nice value task depends on the task interactivity. A taskà ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã‚ ¢s interactivity is determined by how long it has been sleeping during waiting for I/O. Tasks that are more communicating typically have longer sleep times and so are more probably to have an adjustment closer to -5, as the scheduler supports such interactive tasks. in an opposite manner tasks with shorter sleep times are in many cases more CPU-bound and therefore will have their priorities decreased. The recalculation of dynamic priority task happens when the task has depleted its time quantum and is to be moved to the expired array. Therefore, when the two arrays are exchanged, all tasks have been assigned in the new array to new priorities and similar time slice. Real-time scheduling in Linux is simpler still. Linux performs the two real-time scheduling classes required by POSIX.1b: first come, first served (FCFS) and round robin. Each process has a priority extra to its scheduling class in both of them. Processes of different priorities might be competed with one another to some extent in scheduling of time sharing; in real time scheduling, however, the scheduler most of the time runs the process with the highest priority. Among equal priority processes, it runs the process which has been waiting longest. The only difference between round robin and FCFS scheduling is that FCFS processes continue to run till they either exit or block, but a round robin process will be acquired after a while and will be moved to the end of the scheduling queue, thus, equal priority round-robin processes will automatically time-share between themselves. Unlike usual time-sharing tasks, real-time tasks are allocated static priorities. Real-time Linux scheduling is soft rather than hard real-time. The scheduler gives strict guarantees about the relative priorities of real time processes, beside the kernel does not offer any guarantees that how quickly a real time process will be scheduled once that process become run able. Section 2: Computer Systems Architecture Microprocessors Single-Processor Systems Most of computer systems use a single processor. The diversity of single-processor systems may be surprising, however, since these computer systems range from PDAs through mainframe systems. There is one main CPU capable of performing a general purpose instruction set on a single processor system that including instructions from user processes. Almost all computer systems have other special purpose processors as well. They may come through device specific processors, for example graphics controllers, disk and keyboard; or, on mainframes, they may come from of more general processors, such as I/O processors which move data quickly among the component of the system. All of these special purpose system processors run a CPU limited instruction set in most of the time and do not run user processes. Sometimes they are administered by the operating system, in that the operating system sends them quickly information about their next task and then monitors their status alternatively. For instance, a disk controller microprocessor in a system receives a sequence of requests from the main CPU and executes its own disk queue and scheduling algorithm. This arrangement releases the main CPU of the overhead of the disk scheduling. All the PCs contain a particular microprocessor in the keyboard to change the keystrokes into code to be dispatched to the CPU. In some systems special purpose processors are low-level ingredient built into the systemà ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã‚ ¢s hardware. The operating system cannot communicate correctly with these kinds of processors; they do their task independently. The use of special purpose microprocessors is usual and does not change a single processor system into a multiprocessor. However, the system is a single-processor system if there is only one general-purpose CPU. Multiprocessor Systems Although single processor systems are most ordinary, multiprocessor systems known as parallel systems are growing in importance also. These systems have two or more processors in close communication, sharing the computer bus and sometimes the clock. Multiprocessor systems in computers have three main advantages: Increased throughput: it is expected to get more work done in few time by increasing the number of processors. When multiple processors work together on a task, a specific amount of overhead is incurred relevant all the parts working well. Economy of scale: Multiprocessor systems can sometimes cost less than multiple single processor systems, because they can share accessories, mass storage and power supplies. If several programs tasks operate on the same set of data, it costs little money to store those data on one hard disk and to have all the processors share them than to have many systems with local disks or many copies of the data. Increased reliability: if tasks can be distributed properly among several processors, so the failure of one processor will not stop the whole of system, only slow it down. For example; if we have five processors and one fails, then rest of the remaining four processors can obtain a share of the work of failed processor. So, the entire system runs only five percent slower, and not failing altogether. Increased reliability of a system is critical in many programs. The capability to continue providing service balanced to the level of surviving computer hardware is called graceful degradation. Some computer systems go beyond graceful- degradation and known fault tolerant, because they can tolerate a failure of any single component and then continue operation. Fault tolerance requires demands a mechanism to permit the failure to be detected, examined, and, if possible, corrected. The system is composed of multiple pairs of CPUs working in lock step. Both processors in the pair perform each instruction and compare the results. One CPU of the pair is at fault, and both are stopped if the results differ. the process which was being performed is then moved to another pair of CPUs, thus, the instruction that failed is restarted. This way is expensive, since it involves special system hardware and considerable hardware duplication. These days the multiple processor systems in use are of two types. The first types systems use asymmetric multiprocessing, that each processor is assigned a specific task. Thus, a master processor controls the system; and the other processors take instructions or have predefined tasks from master. This plan defines a accurate master-slave relationship. The master system processor schedules tasks and then allocates work to the slave processors. The most common computer systems use symmetric multiprocessing (SMP) to process the task, in which each processor executes all tasks within the operating system. SMP means that all system processors are peers; and no any master slave relationship exists among processors. Solaris is a commercial version of UNIX designed by Sun Microsystems that is a model of the SMP systems. A Solaris system might be configured to activate many of processors, all running Solaris. The difference between asymmetric processors and symmetric multiprocessing may result from either hardware or software. Some special hardware can distinguish the multiple system processors, or the computer software can be written to permit only one master and multiple slaves. A recent trend in CPU design these days is to comprise multiple compute cores on a single chip. Essentially, these are multiprocessor chips. Twoà ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬way multi processor chips are becoming mainstreams, while N-way chips are going to be common in high end systems. Except architectural consideration such as memory, cache and bus, these multi-core CPUs look to the operating system. Lastly, blade servers are a recent development in which multiple processor boards systems, I/O boards and networking boards are placed in the same foundation. The difference between traditional multiprocessor systems and these is that each blade-processor boards are multiprocessor also, which makes difference between types of computers. In essence, those servers composed of multiple independent multiprocessor systems. Conclusion The Linux kernel is executed as a traditional en bloc kernel for performance reasons, but it is standardized enough in design to allow most drivers to be dynamically loaded and unloaded at run time. Linux is a well done multiuser system, arranging protection between processes and running multiple processes according to a time sharing scheduler. Recently produced processes can share selective parts of their execution environment through their parent processes, allowing multithreaded programming.

cinco de mayo :: essays research papers

Cinco de Mayo "After Mexico gained it's independence from Spain in 1821, it faced internal power struggles that left it in a volatile state of rebellion and instability for years." In 1846, the Mexican government, under the dictator Santa Anna, went to war with the United States. As an outcome of that war, Mexico lost a large amount of land--the land we now know as Texas. In 1854, Juan Alvarez and his troops led a successful revolt to drive Santa Anna out of power. One of Alvarez's strongest supporters was a man by the name of Benito Juarez, a Zapotec Indian leader. In 1855, Juarez became the minister of Justice under the new regime and issued two new controversial laws. One denied the right of the church and military courts to try civilian cases and the other made the sale and distribution of church lands legal. Many people disagreed with these laws and for three years a civil war raged between the two sides. In 1861 Juarez took control of the capital, Mexico City, and put his new Const itution into effect. Not only had Juarez's laws split the country, they had caused the civil war that left Juarez in debt to Spain, England, and France. The three countries were concerned about the debt, so they held a meeting in London, at which Spain and Britain decided to waive the debt in exchange for military control of the Custom House in Vera Cruz. France did not agree to these terms and invaded Mexico in 1861 in hopes of defeating the country and disposing of Juarez. The French troops--deemed among the best trained and equipped in the world--marched into the city of Puebla on May 5, 1862, expecting no resistance. The French army consisted of 6,000 men under the command of Marshal Lorencz. The French were met by an armed force of 2,000 peasants under the command of General Ignacio Zaragoza. The Mexican guerilla forces successfully defended their positions and attacked and drove back the French forces. Victory, however, was short lived. Within a year, France had successfully c onquered Puebla and the rest of Mexico, and went on ruling there until 1867 when Juarez was once again restored to power. He ruled the country until his death in 1872. Cinco de Mayo, therefore, does not celebrate Mexico's independence, rather it symbolizes "the right of the people to self determination and national sovereignty, and the ability of non-Europeans to defend those rights against modern military organizations.

Sam Cooke and A Change Is Gonna Come

In the midst of a time where black Americans were facing extreme ridicule and fighting for their rights, Sam Cooke arose from the Gospel music style and merged into the music known as Soul, a genre that spoke to the socially crumbling nation about peace and civil rights changes. Through his smooth style, velvety voice, handsome appearance, and appeal to black and white audiences alike, Sam Cooke made a difference in the lives of Americans in the 1960s by singing with pure emotion and soul, like in â€Å"A Change is Gonna Come. Through this genre’s sincere singing with lyrics full of emotion, a sense of understanding was brought to the people of America about the African-American struggle for equality. Soul music came from Gospel roots, emerging onto the music scene around the 1950s. Because it came from Gospel and Rhythm and Blues, the term â€Å"Soul† really is what is says: the music itself contains much feeling or â€Å"soul† in the lyrics, and the actual style of music and singing reflect gospel-hymns, just with secular lyrics instead (Scaruffi). Soul allowed the sexual innuendoes of blues lyrics, and gave way to a more catchy style that caught on with the young people of America. Major elements of Soul music include a sense of call-and-response between the soloist and the chorus, improvisation in singing various vocal runs, and an almost vocal ‘moaning’ in between lines of verses and choruses. Credited with inventing Soul is Ray Charles, who initially fused the call-and-response format with the song structure and chord changes of R&B, along with the vocal styles of Gospel (Gilmore). Charles’ song, â€Å"I’ve Got a Woman,† recorded in 1955, is credited to be the first Soul song, starting a craze of Soul that would flourish through the late 1990s. The 1960s, however, were the golden years of Soul, where the genre gave way to the fame of a few notable names like Aretha Franklin, Marvin Gaye, Stevie Wonder, and Smokey Robinson. The styles of these artists and many others in the realm of Soul became very versatile, appealing to audiences black and white alike (Gilmore). This music showed America a piece of what was going on in lives of African Americans, uniting them in a sense, through music (Stephens). In 1959, Berry Gordy created the record company, â€Å"Hitsville, USA,† which would later become Motown Records. Every artist who came into this record company was African American until the late 1980s, and they all sang Soul. This record company played a vital role in the Civil Rights Movement, as many of the company’s artists were strong advocates of the movement, and they wrote their songs about it (Werner, 15). Known as â€Å"black music† in its time, songs of Soul in the 1960s frequently paralleled the civil rights issues the blacks were having in America. It is said that Martin Luther King, Jr. gave the Civil Rights Movement a vision, and the artists of Soul gave it a voice (Werner, 4). Because most, if not all, Soul artists at the time were African American, they could honestly sing about the true emotions they were feeling at the time and write songs that matched the reality black Americans were facing. Some of the songs that could have emulated the movement were â€Å"Respect† by Aretha Franklin, â€Å"Say It Loud, I’m Black and Proud† by James Brown, â€Å"Inner City Blues† by Marvin Gaye, and â€Å"A Change Is Gonna Come† by Sam Cooke. Sam Cooke was born in Clarksdale, Mississippi, on January 22, 1931, in the midst of the Great Depression. The son of a Baptist minister, Cooke grew up singing in churches and multiple Gospel groups in the Chicago area where his family eventually moved (Bowman). In the boom of Gospel music during the time, Cooke latched onto a group known as the Soul Stirrers and became semi-famous while with the group (Gulla, 110). As a Gospel singer, Cooke was recognized to be different. He was known as the â€Å"voice of change,† having more of a pure voice compared to other artists of his time (Werner, 31). Cooke began discovering his natural vocal technique, and while still channeling the sounds of Jesus, he drew in crowds with his elegance and composure (Gulla, 111). Bobby Womack, a singer who had sang alongside Cooke in some acts said, â€Å"He went out there and started singing and people would not believe his voice. † Sam Cooke was a different breed of Gospel singer, and he changed the style, giving it an edge and a more youthful appeal. In 1955, Cooke began cutting secular songs to make it big with Specialty Records, and became a hit instantly with his hits, â€Å"I’ll Come Running Back to You,† and â€Å"You Send Me† (Gulla, 114). His short career produced many memorable hits and records, and in the midst of it, Cooke served his black community in the struggle over civil rights. In parallel to the movement and in light of his son’s tragic death and Bob Dylan’s â€Å"Blowin’ In the Wind,† Cooke wrote, â€Å"A Change Is Gonna Come† in 1963 (â€Å"Song Facts†). Cooke suddenly died in 1964, right before the release of the song, and black America plunged into despair because he had been a ray of light, a symbol of hope, and an emblem of equality and racial balance (Gulla, 109). He had been an icon for both blacks and whites alike. In spite of his shorted career, â€Å"A Change Is Gonna Come† affected America with is raw lyrics and unprecedented emotion Cooke displays in his song. â€Å"A Change Is Gonna Come† was released eleven days after Cooke’s death as a final farewell to his audiences that loved him. The song expresses the soul of the freedom movement as clearly as one of Dr. King’s speeches (Werner, 33). The song begins with a melodramatic playing of the strings and French horn, interrupted by Cooke’s voice bearing witness to the restlessness that keeps him moving like the muddy river bordering the Delta where he was born. Cooke then goes vocally into what could seemingly be back to his Gospel roots, saying that â€Å"It’s been a long, long time coming,† and in the second â€Å"long,† Cooke carries the weight of of a bone-deep gospel weariness (Werner, 33). Cooke then gives reassurance to the listeners that he â€Å"know[s] a change is gonna come. † The classic â€Å"whoa-whoa-whoa,† a Sam Cooke signature, is sang in the middle of the word â€Å"know† to give it emphasis, claiming this truth to America and the world, that a change will indeed come. These same lines are repeated at the end of every verse, giving a clearer answer to the problems Cooke poses, saying â€Å"It’s been a long time coming, but I know a change is gonna come, oh yes it will† (Werner, 34). The second verse declares, â€Å"It’s been too hard living, but I’m afraid to die,† giving way the hard troubles African Americans go through, and not to give up the fight, for what is up â€Å"beyond the sky† is unknown to Cooke. The third verse speaks of segregation: â€Å"I go to the movie and I go downtown, somebody keep telling me don't hang around,† meaning people turning him and others down publicly because they are black. Next is the bridge, and it is different musically: the steady beat of the percussion halts for a moment, and builds up to Cooke saying â€Å"I go to my brother†¦ but his winds keep knockin’ me down. † This suggests that his â€Å"brother† is the white population, denying blacks justice and peace in the midst of their trials when they continually ask for it. Cooke then lets out a deep, emotional â€Å"Ohhhhh† leading up to the climax of the last verse. The horns pick up stronger in the fourth verse, and the pace of the song gains a stronger, semi-faster tempo. The tempo and instrumentation of the last verse gives a bolder feel to the song, making it have a â€Å"victorious sound,† which are not as sentimental as the verses in the beginning of the song. This fourth verse declares the strength of Cooke, declaring, â€Å"I think I'm able to carry on. † This reveals that through all these troubles, he is willing to put up a fight and carry on with his life. The song is ended with the repeated lines again, and a beautiful exit of the strings and horns, ending on a harmonious chord, symbolizing a harmony in America that can be reached if a change really does come. The reception and legacy of Cooke’s â€Å"A Change is Gonna Come† has been extraordinary. Rolling Stone magazine declared it number 12 in the 500 Greatest Songs of All Time (â€Å"Song Facts†). The song has been featured in many movies and videos about civil rights, most recently the movie, Malcolm X. Also, the song has been covered by over 50 artists, some of them today including ‘Lil Wayne, Seal, and Adam Lambert (â€Å"Song Facts†). The song still has not lost its Soul roots and meaning over time. Despite the Civil Rights Movement being over, the song can be applied to any issue, struggle, or hard time one may face, which is why it has withstood as a legendary song. â€Å"A Change is Gonna Come† will forever be remembered as a beacon of light to the people of the Civil Rights Movement, and as a highlight of Sam Cooke’s career. He brought Soul to a new level and created a more elegant, clean style with his realistic lyrics and Gospel rooted voice. Because of his achievements and the impact his song had on America, he is remembered as the â€Å"King of Soul,† and the man who â€Å"sang the change† (â€Å"Song Facts†).

product dumping Essay

product dumping Essay product dumping Essay NEW YORK TIMES â€Å"SCIENTIST AT WORK† BLOG EVALUATION A. STRUCTURE and ORGANIZATION: This section deals with the structure and organization of your blog. Fill in the following table: Name of Journal Scientist at Work Title of Blog How Coffee Affects Biodiversity Author(s) S. Amanda Caudill Dates Published November 18, 2011 Where is the author working? Costa Rica What is the author[s] university affiliation? doctoral student at the University of Rhode Island Who do you contact if you have questions? Her web page B. CONTENT: The following questions deal with the content of your blog. 1. What is the HYPOTHESIS being tested in your blog? The purpose of the this research was to evaluate the mammal biodiversity in coffee landscapes to find out which habitat are better and more important to mammals. And also to find suggestions that are best to provide whats good to enhance mammal's habitat. 2. What is the CONTROL in the experiment being conducted for your blog? The control in the experiment conducted in this blog was to evaluate mammal biodiversity by using a combination of direct and indirect sampling techniques. They used traps for their research. They tried to bait the traps by using a mixture of a mixture of peanut butter, vanilla, bananas, oats and seeds. Also for the indirect sampling , they used track plates and camera traps. Open boxes of the track plates contained bait at the end of it, contact paper in the middle, and copy toner was in the front. 3. In a sentence or two, explain how they tested their hypothesis? They placed 242 small mammal traps (for mouse-size animals) in the 500-by-500-meter site. Also they placed medium-size mammal traps (for animals like possums, raccoons and coatis) in the sites as well. Track plates were used to identify the species, so as they steps on the track plate to retrieve bait, it left paws prints or tracks. The cameras were set to take three pictures consecutively of mammals if any movement is detected within the line of sight. 4.